Monday, 8 February 2010

Re-defining the Last Mile

I found a recent post by the Dodgy Goatee quite insightful, particularly this quote:
We tend to think the problem is solved when we solve the technology problem but the human innovation, the human problem, still remains...
I mistakenly read the 'Last Mile' as a social science comment on the techo-term which usually refers to the medium that connects the end-user's big screen to the provider's big pipe.

Late last year, I worked voluntarily with a Jordanian business to help them enhance their use of Facebook. While the workshop was a success, I had this lingering feeling that there were many deeper issues to comprehend. Indeed, access to high speed Internet in Jordan was less of a hassle than here in Gungahlin - so why was it so hard to find information online?

With all the hype about innovation, I wonder if the situation in Australia is really that different. Sure, having a website now might be no different than having a fax machine in the 80s - it is a necessity for businesses and governments. But is that enough in a Web 2.0 world?

I am tired of thinking about the lost opportunities from the finance and resource gatekeepers who assess the risks of implementing new technologies, waiting and waiting until the last possible moment before giving the go-ahead for technologies that are really yesterday's next best thing. By the time the previous innovation becomes commonplace, there is always somewhere new to be.

It would seem to me that the real last mile is not the wire or airwave that connects the big screen to the big pipe, but the mindset that prevents the opportunities from becoming realities during their heyday. While the momentum needed to bring an innovation to fruition might be fraught with transaction costs which are too much to bear, it would seem that those who are able to adopt new technologies faster than others would experience a window of competitive advantage.

The most important last mile, then, is that big obstacle between the big screen and the big open mind - the end-user. Yet many end-users wish they had the skills to implement the big idea, only the transaction costs appear to be too high.

Is there a solution? To me, the start point is to understand why humans do what they do, but more importantly, why they don't do it. The social sciences provide us with the tools to answer such questions, something which the last few decades and their focus on behavioural economics have had little to say other than how to encourage users to purchase the elusive physical last mile.

To make matters worse, the research culture in Australia was set back decades by previous gatekeepers of research funding, who deemed the humanities and the social sciences to be a waste of time and money. Little wonder that social scientists have been reluctant to step outside the so-called non-economic areas to challenge the status quo.

But if history has taught us one thing, it is that history tends to repeat if we refuse to learn the lessons of the past. If we take any other network technology developed over the last two centuries, we see technological innovations hindered by human obstacles which eventually gaive way a generation or so later to large-scale take-up and sighs of 'I wonder how we ever got along without technology X'.

The minefield of obstacles between innovation and implementation are the real last mile, and this is the area most worthy of further research.

Friday, 5 February 2010

Australia & Jordan: A Quick Broadband Comparison

After a four-month break from the Australian broadband scene, it was interesting to return home to find that online censorship is still making the news. Returning from Jordan, a country which has just slipped to 'not free' in the recent Freedom House rankings, I was surprised to find that iiNet had survived a breach of copyright challenge from Hollywood while the South Australian Government had attempted to restrict online political debate. It seems that freedom remains a relative concept in global terms.

Although Jordan differs from Australia on all aspects social, political, cultural and economic (GDP per capita in Jordan is about 13% of that in Australia), an interesting feature is the proliferation of mobile telephones and the use of Wimax technologies to deploy broadband services throughout the Kingdom. Recently, a second submarine cable has been deployed which will improve the Kingdom's connectivity with the rest of the world. Although connectivity is almost a non-issue for wealthier Jordanians, unlike Australia, Jordan's challenges come from a lack of access to computers and a high level of computer illiteracy.

However, Jordanians can access the Net from a growing number of knowledge stations deployed throughout the Kingdom, Net connectivity is at 12% of the population and mobile connectivity stands at 86% of Jordanian families. I purchased a basic mobile phone for JOD 25 (about AUD $40) and found the service inexpensive (by Australian standards) and impeccable. Indeed, using Zain's network, I was able to make and receive calls throughout Jordan, and even while in Bahrain and Jerusalem at barely more than the cost of a within-country call.

I was able to access the Net faultlessly and at least 2.5mbps in both Amman and Aqaba, using ADSL and Wimax from a variety of providers including Orange (the now-privatised Jordan Telecommunications Group), Zain and Batelco. Interestingly, the speed of the Net in Jordan was better than it is here in Gungahlin tonight!

Although I have plenty of ideas to thresh out, a recurring theme in my ongoing cross-national study of broadband deployment indicates the importance of establishing anchor tenants such as schools, hospitals, libraries and other large-user sites when establishing broadband networks.

It would appear that Jordan has been getting on with the job while Australia is caught up in the politics of it all.

While political freedom in Jordan may not compare well with Australia, it would seem that Australia is not racing away in the broadband stakes. But then, it is all relative.

Thursday, 16 July 2009

On Sabbatical! New research findings next year...

I am on sabbatical until January 2010, so I will not be blogging for a while.

Over the next six months, I will be researching broadband outcomes in Jordan, continuing my comparative study but this time adopting a least-similar approach. In Jordan, I will be focusing on the phenomenon known as "technology leap-frogging", where nations without legacy infrastructure are able to skip the typical evolutionary approach to infrastructure deployment which tends to affect the highly-industrialised nations.

Cheers,

Michael.

Thursday, 9 July 2009

Victorian Premier John Brumby launches Youtube Channel

Victorian Premier John Brumby has launched a Youtube Channel where Victorian citizens can ask questions of the Premier. Questions voted in the top 5 will be answered by the Premier on the channel.

This is a great initiative but the response from the traditional media has been lukewarm.

Thursday, 2 July 2009

NBN on the right track

While we wait patiently in Palmerston via Gungahlin for faster and more reliable broadband connections, today's announcement is good news:
The Rudd government has named six broadband-deprived areas as the first recipients of its $250 million cash injection to kickstart the $43 billion national broadband network in rural areas.
Following the announcement of the roll-out in Tasmania, it is good to see that 'Emerald and Longreach in Queensland, Geraldton in Western Australia, Darwin in the Northern Territory, Broken Hill in NSW, Victor Harbor in South Australia and South West Gippsland in Victoria' are being fast-tracked for the NBN.

It is important that the least served areas receive the access first. It is easy to complain about poor broadband services, harder to imagine life without any.

One of the issues for the Commonwealth is that the approach to deploying the NBN infrastructure is quite novel in Australia. As has been seen in Tasmania, the decentralised approach has been let down by a lack of engagement with citizens and stakeholders.

It is unfortunate that the highly centralised approach to communications policy in Australia is such a political issue. Broadband is crucial infrastructure and its lack will affect Australia's international competitiveness whether we like it or not. I am convinced that only non-users or those who already have fast and reliable Net connections would disagree on the importance of broadband for our national prosperity.

But one aspect which is still overlooked is the correlation between citizen involvement in the process and the corresponding take-up of services. While many may be disinterested (or even uninterested) in the process, there are plenty of individuals and groups who are keen to be informed of or involved in the roll out. Such community champions are being underutilised by government.

To be sure, things are changing quickly and recent moves such as the Gov 2.0 Taskforce and Public Sphere are helping to change 'way things are done here'.

It will be interesting to see how NBN Co will function - moving the deployment one step away from politics could be a good thing - but the company must engage with stakeholders. This is a real challenge for those who will lead the charge. The $43 billion price tag will always keep the NBN in the top level of political issues. But leadership may just be the key.

Friday, 26 June 2009

Public Sphere Model: Local issues must be next

Senator Kate Lundy's innovative approach to citizen engagement using social networking tools and new media is proving very successful in enabling citizens to have a voice in policy development. So far, the model has focused on giving citizens a voice in Government 2.0.

The obvious next step is to see the model used to engage with citizens on local issues. I have been arguing for some time that we need a balance between centralisation and decentralisation.

To borrow Roger Clarke's concept (from Public Sphere #1), centralisation leads to systemic failure, whereas decentralisation leads to sporadic failure. It would seem a balance between the two is appropriate for a connected world.

The trouble I see at this point is that Australia's approach is highly centralised, and we are lacking in capabilities (infrastructure and culture) to engage in a decentralised environment.

That is not to say that centralisation is all bad. The idea of 'centrality' (as opposed to 'centralisation'), particularly leadership from federal politicians (such as Senator Lundy), is crucial to enabling local communities to take advantage of the benefits of new media (leading to decentralisation).

As I argued in my presentation at Public Sphere #2 (see video below), we need to develop decentralised research and learning facilities at the local level to overcome the problems of our deep-seated tradition of central control.

Feedback from some of the 'tweeters' at Public Sphere #2 suggested that my idea of 'centres' for social innovation went against my approach of avoiding 'centralisation' (and I agree).

After discussions today with an emerging community of online collaborators at the University of Canberra, I mentioned this feedback and we came up with the label 'Social Innovation Exchanges'. Stay tuned for some online initiatives in this regard soon.

So where to next? I think the Public Sphere model of short presentations - video recorded, live blogged, tweeted and then followed up with blog comments and a briefing paper (with wikis to be added soon) - would work well for citizen engagement on local issues.

For example, activities such as the recent consultation on the future of the Scullin shops would have been a great issue to experiment with the Public Sphere model on a local problem.

Starting off with a fairly innocuous issue is important to get the model right for local communities, as it would enable interested parties to present their views - even if they could not attend a particular public meeting - about the issue for public review without being too controversial.

There are many opportunities and challenges ahead in the digital future. What we do now in the quasi-digital present will be an important step in the evolution of new media models for citizen engagement.

I have conceptualised where we are at now using the 'forming, storming, norming, performing' process (outlined in much of the project management literature) in the presentation below.

Keep your ears to the ground about current developments at the University of Canberra. We have a proud and strong community which lends itself to an actively engaged and online 'Community 2.0'. But more on this in a future post!

Public Sphere: Government 2.0 - Michael De Percy from Kate Lundy on Vimeo.


Tuesday, 23 June 2009

Wikis to broaden policy debate | Australian IT

I didn't think this would happen for some time. But here it is: Public Sphere made it to the news:

Mr Tanner told the second Public Sphere event in Canberra that Web 2.0 tools such as blogs and wikis had allowed citizens to "bring their knowledge, perspectives and resources inside the tent" of government.

Politicians and bureaucrats will have to overcome the old and reflexive mistrust over the release of information, and learn to accept that citizens will assemble and combine it in new ways, he said. We also have to accept that when we open ourselves to public discussion through chatrooms, blogs and online forums, we won't always like what we hear.
The link to the original article is here: Wikis to broaden policy debate Australian IT

Some related sites or those mentioning 'public sphere':